Roman gold mine.

Quartz lenses and veins within Ordovician schists.

Two mining concessions included in the Jales mining field:
1884 Gralheira no. 1 (W-Sn-Au-Ag), registered on 02-03-1935
1885 Gralheira no. 2 (W-Sn-Au-Ag), registered on 04-03-1935

The WNW-ESE-trending hydrothermal gold-quartz veins at Gralheira in northern Portugal cut alternating mica schists and quartzites of mainly Ordovician age and, to the west, also cut a Hercynian muscovite-biotite granite. The veins have been prospected and developed to a depth of 300 m.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

22 valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Martins, S. A. B. (2018). Mineralizações auríferas de Jales, Gralheira e Raiz do Monte: estudo mineralógico e paragenético. o Mestrado em Geologia da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

References:

LNEG Siorminp database

Neiva, A. M. R. (1994): Gold-quartz veins at Gralheira, northern Portugal: mineralogical and geochemical characteristics. Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Applied Earth Science 103, B188-B196.

ⓘ Bismuth

Formula: Bi

References:

ⓘ Boulangerite

Formula: Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁

References:

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

ⓘ Cassiterite

Formula: SnO₂

References:

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS₂

References:

LNEG Siorminp database

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

References:

ⓘ 'Freibergite Subgroup'

Formula: (Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1

References:

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

LNEG Siorminp database

ⓘ Gold

Formula: Au

References:

Wahl-Clerici, R., Wiechowski, A., Helfert, M. & Ramminger, B. (2012): Die Golderzaufbereitung im römischen Bergwerksbezirk von Três Minas und Campo de Jales in Nordportugal. Der Anschnitt 64, 109-118

ⓘ Gold var. Electrum

Formula: (Au,Ag)

References:

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

ⓘ 'Mica Group'

References:

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Owyheeite

Formula: Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

LNEG Siorminp database

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

LNEG Siorminp database

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

References:

ⓘ Silver

Formula: Ag

References:

LNEG Siorminp database

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

LNEG Siorminp database

ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S

References:

ⓘ 'Tourmaline'

Formula: AD₃G₆ (T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z

References:

ⓘ 'Wolframite Group'

References:

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Gold	1.AA.05	Au
ⓘ	Silver	1.AA.05	Ag
ⓘ	Gold var. Electrum	1.AA.05	(Au,Ag)
ⓘ	Bismuth	1.CA.05	Bi
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Chalcopyrite	2.CB.10a	CuFeS₂
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Marcasite	2.EB.10a	FeS₂
ⓘ	Arsenopyrite	2.EB.20	FeAsS
ⓘ	'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	Cu₆(Cu₄C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S
ⓘ	'Freibergite Subgroup'	2.GB.05	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C²⁺₂)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
ⓘ	Boulangerite	2.HC.15	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
ⓘ	Owyheeite	2.HC.35	Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Cassiterite	4.DB.05	SnO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	'Wolframite Group'	4.DB.30 va
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	var. Sericite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Tourmaline'	-	AD₃G₆ (T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
ⓘ	'Mica Group'	-
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
B	Boron
B	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆ (T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Tourmaline	AD₃G₆ (T₆O₁₈)(BO₃)₃X₃Z
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
S	ⓘ Boulangerite	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
S	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
S	ⓘ Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Owyheeite	Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
S	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Fe	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Marcasite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Cu	Copper
Cu	ⓘ Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
Cu	ⓘ Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
Cu	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Arsenopyrite	FeAsS
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Ag	Silver
Ag	ⓘ Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Ag	ⓘ Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
Ag	ⓘ Owyheeite	Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈
Ag	ⓘ Silver	Ag
Sn	Tin
Sn	ⓘ Cassiterite	SnO₂
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Boulangerite	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
Sb	ⓘ Freibergite Subgroup	(Ag₆,[Ag₆]⁴⁺)(Cu₄ C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S_0-1
Sb	ⓘ Owyheeite	Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈
Sb	ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup	Cu₆(Cu₄C₂²⁺)Sb₄S₁₂S
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Gold var. Electrum	(Au,Ag)
Au	ⓘ Gold	Au
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Boulangerite	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Owyheeite	Ag₃Pb₁₀Sb₁₁S₂₈
Bi	Bismuth
Bi	ⓘ Bismuth	Bi

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

EuropeContinent

Iberian PeninsulaPeninsula

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

www.medgoldresources.com (n.d.) http://www.medgoldresources.com/boticas.asp

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