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Magnetite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About MagnetiteHide

Formula:
Fe2+Fe3+2O4
As a Commodity:
Colour:
Greyish black or iron black
Lustre:
Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
5½ - 6½
Specific Gravity:
5.175
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Originally called lodestone as early as 1548 and by other names. Named in 1845 by Wilhelm Karl von Haidinger for the locality at Magnesia, Greece (site for lodestone).
Jacobsite-Magnetite Series. Magnesioferrite-Magnetite Series.

Magnetite is an important, strongly magnetic iron ore, along with hematite.

Nanoinclusions of magnetite crystals cause the iridescence of Rainbow obsidian (Nadin, 2007). Extremely thin layers of 200-nm octahedral crystals of magnetite give some basalt surfaces an iridescent sheen (Nadin, 2007).

May precipitate from supersaturated volcanic gas due to its cooling as shown in an experiment by Africano et al. (2002) (actually a predominant precipitate from ca. 850 down to 650oC in this particular experiment).




Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2538
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2538:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
638fda79-4914-4fc0-9169-3c497a942ec8

IMA Classification of MagnetiteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of MagnetiteHide

4.BB.05

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
7.2.2.3

7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
7.20.2

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
20 : Oxides of Fe

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
MagIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
MagKretz (1983)Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
MagSiivolam & Schmid (2007)Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
MagWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
MgtThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download
MagWarr (2020)Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Physical Properties of MagnetiteHide

Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Greyish black or iron black
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
5½ - 6½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=681 - 792 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Parting:
On {111}, especially good. Also reported as parting planes: {001}, {011}, {138}.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
5.175 g/cm3 (Measured)    5.2 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of MagnetiteHide

Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 2.42
Birefringence:
Isotropic minerals have no birefringence
Surface Relief:
Very High
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR
400nm22.3%
420nm21.8%
440nm21.3%
460nm20.8%
480nm20.5%
500nm20.3%
520nm20.3%
540nm20.4%
560nm20.5%
580nm20.6%
600nm20.6%
620nm20.7%
640nm20.8%
660nm20.9%
680nm21.0%
700nm21.2%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 22.3%.
Colour in reflected light:
Grey with brownish tint
Internal Reflections:
None
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Comments:
Twin lamellae and zonal growth pattern exhibited in polished section by magnetite at times.

Chemistry of MagnetiteHide

Mindat Formula:
Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Common Impurities:
Mg,Zn,Mn,Ni,Cr,Ti,V,Al

Crystallography of MagnetiteHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fd3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.396 Å
Unit Cell V:
591.86 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Crystals usually octahedral, sometimes dodecahedral, striated on {011} parallel [011]; less frequently with modifying {001} or {hhl}. Cubic (Balmat, NY), rare. Skeletonized microcrystals found in igneous rocks. Massive, granular, coarse to fine.
Twinning:
Common on {111}, with the same face as the composition face. Twins flattened parallel to {111} (common spinel law twins), or as lamellar twins, producing striae on {111}. Twin gliding, with K1{111}, K2{111}.

Crystallographic forms of MagnetiteHide

Crystal Atlas:
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Magnetite no.3 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Magnetite no.30 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Magnetite no.37 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Magnetite no.53 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Magnetite no.91 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Magnetite no.92 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000945MagnetiteWechsler B A, Lindsley D H, Prewitt C T (1984) Crystal structure and cation distribution in titanomagnetites (Fe3-xTixO4) American Mineralogist 69 754-7701984synthetic0293
0002400MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-52320000293
0002401MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-52320001.4293
0002402MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-52320002.3293
0002403MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-52320003.4293
0002404MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-52320006.6293
0002405MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-52320008.3293
0002406MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200011.3293
0002407MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200012.5293
0002408MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200013.5293
0002409MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200015.7293
0002410MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200017.5293
0002411MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200019.4293
0002412MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200021.8293
0002413MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200024.2293
0002414MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200026.9293
0002415MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure American Mineralogist 85 514-523200030.3293
0002416MagnetiteHaavik C, Stolen S, Fjellvag H, Hanfland M, Hausermann D (2000) Equation of state of magnetite and its high-pressure modification: Thermodynamics of the Fe-O system at high pressure Sample at 40 GPa, CaTi2O4 structure type American Mineralogist 85 514-52320000293
0002762MagnetiteFjellvag H, Hauback B C, Vogt T, Stolen S (2002) Monoclinic nearly stoichiometric wustite at low temperatures American Mineralogist 87 347-3492002010
0002763MagnetiteFjellvag H, Hauback B C, Vogt T, Stolen S (2002) Monoclinic nearly stoichiometric wustite at low temperatures American Mineralogist 87 347-349200208
0004815MagnetiteBosi F, Halenius U, Skogby H (2009) Crystal chemistry of the magnetite-ulvospinel series American Mineralogist 94 181-1892009synthetic0293
0004816MagnetiteBosi F, Halenius U, Skogby H (2009) Crystal chemistry of the magnetite-ulvospinel series American Mineralogist 94 181-1892009synthetic0293
0004817MagnetiteBosi F, Halenius U, Skogby H (2009) Crystal chemistry of the magnetite-ulvospinel series American Mineralogist 94 181-1892009synthetic0293
0004818MagnetiteBosi F, Halenius U, Skogby H (2009) Crystal chemistry of the magnetite-ulvospinel series American Mineralogist 94 181-1892009synthetic0293
0004819MagnetiteBosi F, Halenius U, Skogby H (2009) Crystal chemistry of the magnetite-ulvospinel series American Mineralogist 94 181-1892009synthetic0293
0004820MagnetiteBosi F, Halenius U, Skogby H (2009) Crystal chemistry of the magnetite-ulvospinel series American Mineralogist 94 181-1892009synthetic0293
0004821MagnetiteBosi F, Halenius U, Skogby H (2009) Crystal chemistry of the magnetite-ulvospinel series American Mineralogist 94 181-1892009synthetic0293
0005178MagnetiteStout M Z, Bayliss P (1980) Crystal structure of two ferrian ulvospinels from British Columbia The Canadian Mineralogist 18 339-3411980Aiyansh basalt lava flow, Nass River valley, British Columbia, Canada0293
0005179MagnetiteStout M Z, Bayliss P (1980) Crystal structure of two ferrian ulvospinels from British Columbia The Canadian Mineralogist 18 339-3411980Itcha Mountain hawaiite lava flow, central British Columbia, Canada0293
0007394MagnetiteFinger L W, Hazen R M, Hofmeister A M (1986) High-pressure crystal chemistry of spinel (MgAl2O4) and magnetite (Fe3O4): comparisons with silicate spinels Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 215-22019860.0001293
0007395MagnetiteFinger L W, Hazen R M, Hofmeister A M (1986) High-pressure crystal chemistry of spinel (MgAl2O4) and magnetite (Fe3O4): comparisons with silicate spinels Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 215-22019861.3293
0007396MagnetiteFinger L W, Hazen R M, Hofmeister A M (1986) High-pressure crystal chemistry of spinel (MgAl2O4) and magnetite (Fe3O4): comparisons with silicate spinels Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 215-22019862.6293
0007397MagnetiteFinger L W, Hazen R M, Hofmeister A M (1986) High-pressure crystal chemistry of spinel (MgAl2O4) and magnetite (Fe3O4): comparisons with silicate spinels Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 215-22019863.9293
0007398MagnetiteFinger L W, Hazen R M, Hofmeister A M (1986) High-pressure crystal chemistry of spinel (MgAl2O4) and magnetite (Fe3O4): comparisons with silicate spinels Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 215-22019864.5293
0007418MagnetiteNakagiri N, Manghnani M H, Ming L C, Kimura S (1986) Crystal structure of magnetite under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 238-24419860.0001293
0007419MagnetiteNakagiri N, Manghnani M H, Ming L C, Kimura S (1986) Crystal structure of magnetite under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 238-24419860.63293
0007420MagnetiteNakagiri N, Manghnani M H, Ming L C, Kimura S (1986) Crystal structure of magnetite under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 238-24419861.55293
0007421MagnetiteNakagiri N, Manghnani M H, Ming L C, Kimura S (1986) Crystal structure of magnetite under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 238-24419862.09293
0007422MagnetiteNakagiri N, Manghnani M H, Ming L C, Kimura S (1986) Crystal structure of magnetite under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 238-24419862.76293
0007423MagnetiteNakagiri N, Manghnani M H, Ming L C, Kimura S (1986) Crystal structure of magnetite under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 238-24419863.67293
0007424MagnetiteNakagiri N, Manghnani M H, Ming L C, Kimura S (1986) Crystal structure of magnetite under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 13 238-24419864.44293
0007766MagnetiteO'Neill H St C, Dollase W A (1994) Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 541-55519940293
0007771MagnetiteO'Neill H St C, Dollase W A (1994) Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 541-55519940293
0007776MagnetiteO'Neill H St C, Dollase W A (1994) Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 541-55519940293
0007781MagnetiteO'Neill H St C, Dollase W A (1994) Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 541-55519940293
0007824MagnetiteO'Neill H St C, Dollase W A (1994) Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 541-55519940293
0007829MagnetiteO'Neill H St C, Dollase W A (1994) Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 541-55519940293
0007834MagnetiteO'Neill H St C, Dollase W A (1994) Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 541-55519940293
0007847MagnetiteO'Neill H St C, Dollase W A (1994) Crystal structures and cation distributions in simple spinels from powder XRD structural refinements: MgCr2O4, ZnCr2O4, Fe3O4 and the temperature dependence of the cation distribution in ZnAl2O4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 20 541-55519940293
0009109MagnetiteGatta G D, Kantor I, Ballaran T B, Dubrovinsky L, McCammon C (2007) Effect of non-hydrostatic conditions on the elastic behaviour of magnetite: an in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction study Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 627-6352007synthetic0.0001293
0009110MagnetiteGatta G D, Kantor I, Ballaran T B, Dubrovinsky L, McCammon C (2007) Effect of non-hydrostatic conditions on the elastic behaviour of magnetite: an in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction study Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 627-6352007synthetic4.99293
0009111MagnetiteGatta G D, Kantor I, Ballaran T B, Dubrovinsky L, McCammon C (2007) Effect of non-hydrostatic conditions on the elastic behaviour of magnetite: an in situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction study Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 627-6352007synthetic9.21293
0009740MagnetiteFleet M E (1981) The structure of magnetite Acta Crystallographica B37 917-92019810293
0009994MagnetiteFleet M E (1984) The structure of magnetite: two annealed natural magnetites, Fe3.005O4 and Fe2.96Mg0.04O4 Acta Crystallographica C40 1491-149319840293
0009995MagnetiteFleet M E (1984) The structure of magnetite: two annealed natural magnetites, Fe3.005O4 and Fe2.96Mg0.04O4 Acta Crystallographica C40 1491-149319840293
0017295MagnetiteMontoro V (1938) Miscibilita fra gli ossidi salini di ferro e di manganese _cod_database_code 1010369 Gazzetta Chimica Italiana 68 728-73319380293
0020586MagnetiteFleet M E (1986) The structure of magnetite: Symmetry of cubic spinels Journal of Solid State Chemistry 62 75-821986Natural, not provided0293
0020587MagnetiteFleet M E (1986) The structure of magnetite: Symmetry of cubic spinels Journal of Solid State Chemistry 62 75-821986Natural, not provided0293
0020588MagnetiteFleet M E (1986) The structure of magnetite: Symmetry of cubic spinels Journal of Solid State Chemistry 62 75-821986Natural, not provided0293
0020589MagnetiteFleet M E (1986) The structure of magnetite: Symmetry of cubic spinels Journal of Solid State Chemistry 62 75-821986Natural, not provided0293
0020590MagnetiteFleet M E (1986) The structure of magnetite: Symmetry of cubic spinels Journal of Solid State Chemistry 62 75-821986Natural, not provided0293
0013895MagnetiteFjellvag H, Gronvold F, Stolen S, Hauback B C (1996) On the crystallographic and magnetic structures of nearly stoichiometric iron monoxide Journal of Solid State Chemistry 124 52-571996synthetic0293
0013896MagnetiteFjellvag H, Gronvold F, Stolen S, Hauback B C (1996) On the crystallographic and magnetic structures of nearly stoichiometric iron monoxide Journal of Solid State Chemistry 124 52-571996synthetic0293
0017938MagnetiteBragg W (1915) The Structure of Magnetite and the Spinels _cod_database_code 1011032 Nature (London) 95 561-56119150293
0017981MagnetiteClaassen A (1926) The scattering power of oxygen and iron for X-Rays _cod_database_code 1011084 Proceedings of the Physical Society of London 38 482-48719260293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Epitaxial Relationships of MagnetiteHide

Epitaxial Minerals:
Epitaxy Comments:
Hematite overgrowths on, and inclusions in, magnetite; ilmenite inclusions, rutile overgrowths, chlorite group overgrowths, pyrophanite inclusions; magnetite on hematite; inclusions in muscovite; inclusions in hematite; inclusions in ilmenite; magnetite overgrowths on olivine.

Pseudobrookite on magnetite with pseudobrookite {100}[001] parallel to magnetite {111}[110].

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
4.852 Å(8)
2.967 Å(30)
2.532 Å(100)
2.4243 Å(8)
2.0993 Å(20)
1.7146 Å(10)
1.6158 Å(30)
1.4845 Å(40)
1.4192 Å(2)
1.3277 Å(4)
1.2807 Å(10)
1.2659 Å(4)
1.2119 Å(2)
1.1221 Å(4)
1.0930 Å(12)
1.0496 Å(6)
0.9896 Å(2)
0.9695 Å(6)
0.9632 Å(4)
0.9388 Å(4)
0.8952 Å(2)
0.8802 Å(6)
0.8569 Å(8)
0.8233 Å(4)
0.8117 Å(6)
Comments:
ICDD 19-629

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Pre-terrestrial "Ur-minerals">4.57
1 : Stellar atmosphere condensates
Stage 1: Primary nebular phases4.567-4.561
4 : Primary chondrule phases4.566–4.561
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration4.566-4.550
5 : Primary asteroid phases4.566–4.560
6 : Secondary asteroid phases4.566-4.560
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust>4.50
8 : Mafic igneous rocks
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
15 : Black/white smoker minerals and other seafloor hydrothermal minerals
Stage 4a: Earth’s earliest continental crust>4.4-3.0
19 : Granitic intrusive rocks
20 : Acidic volcanic rocks
Near-surface Processes
21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47)
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks
37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
38 : Ophiolites
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)
Stage 6: Anoxic biosphere<4.0
44 : Anoxic microbially mediated minerals (see also #44)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals]
47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
49 : Oxic cellular biomineralization (see also #44)<0.54
Geological Setting:
Common igneous accessory mineral. In sedimentary banded iron formations.

Synonyms of MagnetiteHide

Other Language Names for MagnetiteHide

Varieties of MagnetiteHide

Aluminous MagnetiteAl-rich variety of magnetite
ChrommagnetiteA member of Chromite-Magnetite Series - a chromian variety of Magnetite with Cr3+ contents 0,50-1 apfu.
HydromagnetiteA hydrated Magnetite.
IshkuliteA Cr-bearing variety of magnetite with Cr3+ contents of 0.10-0.50 apfu.
A member of the Chromite-Magnetite Series.
LodestoneA variety of magnetite that is a natural magnet (magnetized).
MagnomagnetiteIntermediate members of Magnetite-Magnesioferrite series with Fe2+>Mg.
ManganmagnetiteA variety of magnetite containing Mn 2+ substituting for Fe 2+.
Mg-TitanomagnetiteTitanium- and magnesium-rich magnetite.
MushketoviteThe name given for magnetite pseudomorphs after hematite.

For pseudomorphs of hematite after magnetite, see "martite".
Nickel-bearing Magnetite
Silfbergite (of Niggli)A manganoan variety of magnetite. Contains Mn 2+ substituting for Fe 2+.
Tin-bearing Magnetite
Titanium-bearing MagnetiteA titanium-bearing variety of magnetite.
Vanadium and Titanium-bearing MagnetiteMay also be formulated as vanadiferous titanomagnetite.
Vanadium-bearing MagnetiteA V-bearing variety of magnetite. V content reported up to 4.84% (India).
Vanodiochrome spinelA vanadian chromian Magnetite variety.
Using the name "Vanadiochrome spinel", Mathiesen (1970) describes a magnetite containing large amounts of vanadium (16,98% V2O3) and chrome (Cr2O3), occuring in a small area with felsic rock cut by veins filled with ...
Zinc-bearing MagnetiteIntermediate members of the Magnetite-Franklinite series with Fe2+>Zn. The ZnO content may reach 12.9 mass%, equalling 0.35 apfu.

Relationship of Magnetite to other SpeciesHide

Other Members of this group:
ChromiteFe2+Cr3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
CochromiteCoCr2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
CoulsoniteFe2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
CuprospinelCu2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
DellagiustaiteV2+Al2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4Tet. 4 2m : P4m2
FrankliniteZn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
GahniteZnAl2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
GalaxiteMn2+Al2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
GuiteCo2+Co3+2O4Iso.
HausmanniteMn2+Mn3+2O4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
HercyniteFe2+Al2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
HetaeroliteZnMn2O4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
JacobsiteMn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Jacobsite-QMn2+(Fe3+,Mn3+)2O4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4Iso. 4 3 2 : P41 3 2
MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
MagnesiocoulsoniteMgV2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
MagnesioferriteMgFe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
ManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Nichromite(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
SpinelMgAl2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Titanomaghemite(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4Iso. 4 3 2 : P43 3 2
TrevoriteNi2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
UM1994-06-O:AlCoCoAl2O4
VuorelaineniteMn2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
ZincochromiteZnCr2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Forms a series with:

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
585 photos of Magnetite associated with CalciteCaCO3
470 photos of Magnetite associated with QuartzSiO2
402 photos of Magnetite associated with HematiteFe2O3
316 photos of Magnetite associated with ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
293 photos of Magnetite associated with PyriteFeS2
255 photos of Magnetite associated with Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
186 photos of Magnetite associated with ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
166 photos of Magnetite associated with FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
158 photos of Magnetite associated with DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
150 photos of Magnetite associated with AndraditeCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

4.BB.Elgoresyite(Mg5Si2)O9Mon. 2/m : B2/m
4.BB.ChenmingiteFeCr2O4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.DellagiustaiteV2+Al2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.ChukocheniteLiAl5O8Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Imma
4.BB.GarpenbergiteMn6◻AsSbO10(OH)2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
4.BB.MagnéliiteTi3+2Ti4+2O7Tric. 1 : P1
4.BB.JianmuiteZrTi4+Ti3+5Al3O16Tet. 4 : I4
4.BB.05ChromiteFe2+Cr3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05CochromiteCoCr2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05CoulsoniteFe2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05CuprospinelCu2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
4.BB.05Filipstadite(Fe3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mn2O4Iso.
4.BB.05FrankliniteZn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05GahniteZnAl2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05GalaxiteMn2+Al2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05HercyniteFe2+Al2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05JacobsiteMn2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05ManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnesiocoulsoniteMgV2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
4.BB.05MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05MagnesioferriteMgFe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05Nichromite(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05SpinelMgAl2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05TrevoriteNi2+Fe3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05UlvöspinelTiFe2+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05VuorelaineniteMn2+V3+2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05ZincochromiteZnCr2O4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
4.BB.05HarmuniteCaFe2O4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbcm
4.BB.05WernerkrauseiteCa(Fe3+,Mn3+)2Mn4+O6Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.05Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4Tet. 4 2m : P4m2
4.BB.05GuiteCo2+Co3+2O4Iso.
4.BB.10HausmanniteMn2+Mn3+2O4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
4.BB.10HetaeroliteZnMn2O4Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd
4.BB.10Manganostibite(Mn,Fe)7SbAsO12Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
4.BB.15Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4Iso. 4 3 2 : P41 3 2
4.BB.15Titanomaghemite(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4Iso. 4 3 2 : P43 3 2
4.BB.20Tegengrenite(Mn3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mg2O4Trig. 3 : R3
4.BB.25XieiteFe2+Cr2O4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
4.BB.30CarmeltaziteZrAl2Ti4O11Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.35FeiiteFe2+2(Fe2+Ti4+)O5Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
4.BB.40MaohokiteMgFe2O4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
4.BB.45Tschaunerite (Fe2+)(Fe2+Ti4+)O4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm

Fluorescence of MagnetiteHide

Not fluorescent in UV.

Other InformationHide

Magnetism:
Ferromagnetic
Thermal Behaviour:
Before the blowpipe, fusible with great difficulty. In an oxidizing flame, loses its magnetic properties.
Notes:
Soluble in HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:
Ore of iron.

Magnetite in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

Internet Links for MagnetiteHide

References for MagnetiteHide

Reference List:

Significant localities for MagnetiteHide

Showing 17 significant localities out of 18,553 recorded on mindat.org.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • Tasmania
    • Burnie City
      • Hampshire mining district
        • Kara Mines
Whitehead +3 other references
Canada
 
  • Ontario
    • Hastings County
      • Faraday Township
Ontario Ministry of Northern ... +2 other references
  • QuĂ©bec
    • Abitibi-TĂ©miscamingue
      • La VallĂ©e-de-l'Or RCM
        • RĂ©servoir-Dozois
Olivier Langelier Collection +1 other reference
France
 
  • Brittany
    • CĂŽtes-d'Armor
      • Lannion
        • Plestin-les-GrĂšves
Pierrot R. et al. (1975)
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Traversella
Gruppo Mineralogico Lombardo (10) +1 other reference
Norway
 
  • Troms og Finnmark
    • Kautokeino
[var: Vanodiochrome spinel] Mathiesen (1969)
Portugal
 
  • Leiria
    • NazarĂ©
      • NazarĂ©
Collected by Rui Nunes in several ...
UK
 
  • Scotland
    • Shetland Islands
      • Mainland
        • Point of Fethaland
[Specimen in the Natural History Museum
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area
      • Ketchikan Mining District
        • Prince of Wales Island
Min Rec 35:5 pp383-404
  • Connecticut
    • Middlesex County
      • Haddam
        • Higganum
Williams (circa 1945) +2 other references
Schooner (circa 1985)
  • Massachusetts
    • Middlesex County
Dale (1910)
  • New Jersey
    • Sussex County
      • Ogdensburg
        • Sterling Hill
Dunn (1995) +1 other reference
  • New York
    • Putnam County
      • Town of Southeast
- (Dana, 1874) +1 other reference
  • Pennsylvania
    • Lebanon County
      • Cornwall Borough (Cornwall)
Rocks & Min.: 13:213. +1 other reference
  • Rhode Island
    • Providence County
      • Providence
        • Manton
Miller (1971)
  • Wisconsin
    • Dodge County
      • Iron Ridge Mining District (Neda Iron Mining District)
        • Iron Ridge Mines
Hawley (1934)
Hawley (1934)
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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