Wheal Gorland, St Day, Cornwall, England, UKi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Wheal Gorland | Mine (Built Over) |
| St Day | Civil Parish |
| Cornwall | County |
| England | Constituent Country |
| UK | Country |
This page kindly sponsored by Mark Kucera
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
50° 14' 30'' North , 5° 11' 2'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
UK National Grid Reference:
SW730429
Type:
Mine (Built Over) - last checked 2020
Age:
419.2 Β± 3.2 to 358.9 Β± 0.4 Ma
Geologic Time:
KΓΆppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| St. Day | 700 (2011) | 0.3km |
| Chacewater | 1,226 (2017) | 2.5km |
| Redruth | 42,690 (2017) | 3.0km |
| North Country | 773 (2017) | 3.9km |
| Mount Hawke | 1,511 (2017) | 4.8km |
Mindat Locality ID:
939
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:939:6
GUID (UUID V4):
35c6db9f-5584-4b5b-8473-33928b379934
This famous mine was formerly located in Gwennap parish but is now located within the parish boundaries of St Day. It lies within the Camborne β Redruth β St Day District as defined by H.G. Dines.
History:
Wheal Gorland's first recorded working was in 1792, but the lodes were probably known long before this date. In this working, the lode was showing prospects of being productive, and it was decided to erect an engine in 1795. At this time, the lode had been developed to a depth of 40 fathoms. It was decided to sink the shaft a further 20 fathoms. In this working, the shaft was sunk to 100 fathoms, but even at this depth, no regular ore shoots had been found. The ore was inconsistent β sometimes very rich, then nothing β and the mine made a loss between 1792-98. At times in the early working of the mine, the ore was so rich in supergene copper minerals, a guard was put on the ore wagons. From 1800 prospects seemed to improve, with production reaching a high in 1827 of 2,959 tons of copper ore.
After this date, a decline set in, and output dropped to 498 tons by 1838. In 1852 the mine was taken over by St. Day United group of mines, but it seems little or no work was done under the new owners. The mine received a brief reworking between 1906-1909 when there was a surge in demand for tungsten and tin, which was found mostly at the granite/country rock contact. The last attempt at ore production at Wheal Gorland was in 1976 when the main specimen producing dump was removed to extract the tin ore (which is speculated to have only contained about 2 lb (ca. 907 g) of black tin per ton, a sad loss considering the value of the dumps to collectors). Prior to this date, the dump was being actively worked by amateur collectors for specimen material.
Since then, there has been a failed attempt by collectors/dealers to gain access to the Muttrell lode via Davies shaft. And when Wheal Jane was working (and therefore lowering the local water table by mine pumping), it was possible to gain access all the way down to the County Adit, but again not to the fabled Muttrell lode. It is believed now by local collectors that any access gained into this lode would probably be unrewarding, as the ground from Davies shaft towards the Muttrell lode is like a not-quite-soft cheese and the stopes are likely to have collapsed.
Ore production | ||||||||||
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As of 2017 the site of Wheal Gorland around the former Bawdens Shaft (site of the specimen dump mentioned above) and Old Engine Shaft has now been developed as housing.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.Mineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities64 valid minerals. 5 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 2 erroneous literature entries.
Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| β 'Agardite' |
| β Arsenopyrite Formula: FeAsS Localities: |
| β Asbolane Formula: (Ni,Co)2-xMn4+(O,OH)4 · nH2O |
| β Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 Localities: References: |
| β Bayldonite Formula: PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| β Beudantite ? Formula: PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 Habit: rhombohedra; drusy crusts; globular aggregates Colour: yellow, yellow-green, green Description: Kingsbury reference. |
| β Bornite Formula: Cu5FeS4 |
| β Brochantite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| β Carminite ? Formula: PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 Habit: drusy botryoidal Description: Kingsbury reference. |
| β Cassiterite Formula: SnO2 |
| β Ceruleite Formula: Cu2Al7(AsO4)4(OH)13 · 11.5H2O |
| β Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 |
| β Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S Localities: References: |
| β Chalcophyllite Formula: Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O Localities: |
| β Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Localities: |
| β Chenevixite (TL) Formula: Cu2Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)4 Type Locality: |
| β 'Chlorite Group' Colour: light green References: |
| β Chrysocolla Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 Localities: |
| β Clinoclase (TL) Formula: Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 Localities: Type Locality: Wheal Gorland, St Day, Cornwall, England, UK Habit: Often as radiating spheres of crystals. Colour: Blue References: |
| β Connellite Formula: Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O Localities: |
| β Copper Formula: Cu Localities: References: |
| β Cornubite Formula: Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 Localities: |
| β Cornwallite (TL) Formula: Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 Localities: Type Locality: Wheal Gorland, St Day, Cornwall, England, UK |
| β Cuprite Formula: Cu2O Localities: Habit: Octahedral, cube-octahedral Colour: Red |
| β Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite Formula: Cu2O |
| β Cuprite var. Tile ore Formula: Cu2O |
| β Formula: Cu2(WO4)(OH)2 |
| β Cyanotrichite Formula: Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| β Djurleite Formula: Cu31S16 |
| β Domeykite ? Formula: Cu3As Description: Arsenical copper pyrites (an old name for Domeykite) is recorded as having been found here by Phillips (1823). Elsewhere he notes that this mineral consists "of 40 per cent of copper, the remainder consisting of iron, arsenic and sulphur". Thus, the material was either impure or a mixture of different minerals and therefore, the occurrence has to be considered as questionable. |
| β Fluorite Formula: CaF2 Habit: Cubes and cubo-octahedrons Colour: Green Description: A little known fact is that fluorite was apparently mined as smelting flux, although there are no production figures (W. Phillips, ca. 1805). References: |
| β Galena Formula: PbS |
| β Gibbsite Formula: Al(OH)3 |
| β Goethite Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) References: |
| β Gold Formula: Au |
| β Hisingerite Formula: Fe3+2(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| β Formula: MnWO4 |
| β Hydrokenoelsmoreite Formula: ◻2W2O6(H2O) |
| β Kaolinite Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 References: |
| β Kernowite (TL) Formula: Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O Type Locality: |
| β Langite Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| β Leucophosphite Formula: KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| β Libethenite Formula: Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| β 'Limonite' |
| β Liroconite (TL) Formula: Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O Localities: Type Locality: Wheal Gorland, St Day, Cornwall, England, UK Habit: most typically as flattened bipyramids Colour: blue |
| β Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 Localities: |
| β Metazeunerite Formula: Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O References: |
| β Mimetite Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl Description: Occurred on cuprite (Phillips, 1823). References: |
| β Mixite Formula: BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| β Molybdenite Formula: MoS2 References: |
| β 'Monazite' Formula: REE(PO4) |
| β Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 References: |
| β Olivenite Formula: Cu2(AsO4)(OH) Localities: |
| β Olivenite var. Wood Copper |
| β Opal Formula: SiO2 · nH2O |
| β Opal var. Fire Opal Formula: SiO2 · nH2O |
| β Opal var. Isopyre References: |
| β Parnauite Formula: Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
| β Pharmacosiderite Formula: KFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O Localities: References: |
| β Phenakite Formula: Be2SiO4 Habit: long-prismatic Colour: colourless to slightly brownish or turbid References: Russell, Arthur (1911) On the occurrence of Phenacite in Cornwall. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 16 (73) 55-62 doi:10.1180/minmag.1911.016.073.08 |
| β Plumbogummite Formula: PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| β Pseudomalachite Formula: Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| β Pyrite Formula: FeS2 References: |
| β Quartz Formula: SiO2 Colour: opaque white; pink References: Miers, H. A. (1894) Spangolite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 10 (48) 273-277 doi:10.1180/minmag.1894.010.48.02 |
| β Quartz var. Milky Quartz Formula: SiO2 References: |
| β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz Formula: SiO2 References: |
| β Scorodite Formula: Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O Localities: |
| β Sieleckiite Formula: Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| β Spangolite Formula: Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| β Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Colour: black |
| β Strashimirite Formula: Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| β 'Tennantite Subgroup' Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| β Tenorite Formula: CuO Localities: References: |
| β Torbernite Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O References: |
| β Uraninite Formula: UO2 References: |
| β Uraninite var. Pitchblende Formula: UO2 References: |
| β Varlamoffite Formula: (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 |
| β Vivianite Formula: Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| β 'Wolframite Group' |
| β Zeunerite ? Formula: Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O Description: Kingsbury reference. Kingsbury and Hartley (1960): A sample of this material, examined shortly after collection, was shown to be zeunerite, with n 1.608 +- 0.001 and giving X-ray powder-pattern spacings almost identical with those for synthetic hydrous zeunerite given by J. Weiss-Frondel in Amer. Min., 1951, vol. 36, p. 252, and distinct from those of meta-zeunerite with 5-8 H2O." |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| β | Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| β | Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| β | Domeykite ? | 2.AA.10b | Cu3As |
| β | Djurleite | 2.BA.05 | Cu31S16 |
| β | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| β | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| β | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| β | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| β | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| β | Molybdenite | 2.EA.30 | MoS2 |
| β | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| β | Arsenopyrite | 2.EB.20 | FeAsS |
| β | 'Tennantite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| β | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| β | Connellite | 3.DA.25 | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 Β· 3H2O |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| β | Goethite | 4.00. | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| β | Cuprite var. Tile ore | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O |
| β | var. Chalcotrichite | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O |
| β | 4.AA.10 | Cu2O | |
| β | Tenorite | 4.AB.10 | CuO |
| β | Quartz var. Milky Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| β | var. Smoky Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| β | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 | |
| β | Opal | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 Β· nH2O |
| β | var. Isopyre | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 Β· nH2O |
| β | var. Fire Opal | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 Β· nH2O |
| β | Varlamoffite | 4.DB.05 | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 |
| β | Cassiterite | 4.DB.05 | SnO2 |
| β | HΓΌbnerite ? | 4.DB.30 | MnWO4 |
| β | 'Wolframite Group' | 4.DB.30 va | |
| β | Hydrokenoelsmoreite | 4.DH.15 | β»2W2O6(H2O) |
| β | Uraninite var. Pitchblende | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
| β | 4.DL.05 | UO2 | |
| β | Gibbsite | 4.FE.10 | Al(OH)3 |
| β | Asbolane | 4.FL.30 | (Ni,Co)2-xMn4+(O,OH)4 Β· nH2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| β | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| β | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| β | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| β | Brochantite | 7.BB.25 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| β | Langite | 7.DD.10 | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 Β· 2H2O |
| β | Spangolite | 7.DD.15 | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl Β· 3H2O |
| β | Cyanotrichite | 7.DE.10 | Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 Β· 2H2O |
| β | Cuprotungstite ? | 7.GB.15 | Cu2(WO4)(OH)2 |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| β | Olivenite | 8.BB.30 | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| β | var. Wood Copper | 8.BB.30 | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| β | Libethenite | 8.BB.30 | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| β | Pseudomalachite | 8.BD.05 | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| β | Cornwallite (TL) | 8.BD.05 | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| β | Cornubite | 8.BD.30 | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| β | Clinoclase (TL) | 8.BE.20 | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| β | Carminite ? | 8.BH.30 | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| β | Bayldonite | 8.BH.45 | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| β | Beudantite ? | 8.BL.05 | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| β | Plumbogummite | 8.BL.10 | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| β | Mimetite | 8.BN.05 | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| β | Scorodite | 8.CD.10 | Fe3+AsO4 Β· 2H2O |
| β | Vivianite | 8.CE.40 | Fe2+Fe2+2(PO4)2 Β· 8H2O |
| β | Strashimirite | 8.DC.12 | Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 Β· 5H2O |
| β | Chenevixite (TL) | 8.DD.05 | Cu2Fe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| β | Ceruleite | 8.DE.25 | Cu2Al7(AsO4)4(OH)13 Β· 11.5H2O |
| β | Kernowite (TL) | 8.DF. | Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 Β· 4H2O |
| β | Liroconite (TL) | 8.DF.20 | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 Β· 4H2O |
| β | Sieleckiite | 8.DF.25 | Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 Β· 2H2O |
| β | Chalcophyllite | 8.DF.30 | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 Β· 36H2O |
| β | Parnauite | 8.DF.35 | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 Β· 7H2O |
| β | Leucophosphite | 8.DH.10 | KFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) Β· 2H2O |
| β | Pharmacosiderite | 8.DK.10 | KFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4 Β· 6-7H2O |
| β | Mixite | 8.DL.15 | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 Β· 3H2O |
| β | Torbernite | 8.EB.05 | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 Β· 12H2O |
| β | Zeunerite ? | 8.EB.05 | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 Β· 12H2O |
| β | Metazeunerite | 8.EB.10 | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 Β· 8H2O |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| β | Phenakite | 9.AA.05 | Be2SiO4 |
| β | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| β | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| β | Hisingerite | 9.ED.10 | Fe3+2(Si2O5)(OH)4 Β· 2H2O |
| β | Chrysocolla | 9.ED.20 | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 Β· nH2O, x < 1 |
| Unclassified | |||
| β | 'Agardite' | - | |
| β | 'Monazite' | - | REE(PO4) |
| β | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| β | 'Limonite' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | β Asbolane | (Ni,Co)2-xMn4+(O,OH)4 · nH2O |
| H | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | β Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| H | β Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | β Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| H | β Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| H | β Ceruleite | Cu2Al7(AsO4)4(OH)13 · 11.5H2O |
| H | β Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| H | β Chenevixite | Cu2Fe23+(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| H | β Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| H | β Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| H | β Cornubite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | β Cornwallite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | β Cuprotungstite | Cu2(WO4)(OH)2 |
| H | β Cyanotrichite | Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| H | β Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| H | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | β Hisingerite | Fe23+(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| H | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | β Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| H | β Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| H | β Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| H | β Liroconite | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| H | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| H | β Metazeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | β Mixite | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| H | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | β Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| H | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | β Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
| H | β Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| H | β Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | β Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| H | β Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| H | β Sieleckiite | Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| H | β Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| H | β Strashimirite | Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| H | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| H | β Varlamoffite | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 |
| H | β Vivianite | Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| H | β Zeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O |
| H | β Opal var. Fire Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | β Hydrokenoelsmoreite | ◻2W2O6(H2O) |
| H | β Kernowite | Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| Be | Beryllium | |
| Be | β Phenakite | Be2SiO4 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | β Asbolane | (Ni,Co)2-xMn4+(O,OH)4 · nH2O |
| O | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | β Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| O | β Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | β Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| O | β Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| O | β Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| O | β Ceruleite | Cu2Al7(AsO4)4(OH)13 · 11.5H2O |
| O | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | β Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite | Cu2O |
| O | β Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| O | β Chenevixite | Cu2Fe23+(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| O | β Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| O | β Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| O | β Cornubite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | β Cornwallite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | β Cuprite | Cu2O |
| O | β Cuprotungstite | Cu2(WO4)(OH)2 |
| O | β Cyanotrichite | Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| O | β Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| O | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | β Hisingerite | Fe23+(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| O | β HΓΌbnerite | MnWO4 |
| O | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | β Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| O | β Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| O | β Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| O | β Liroconite | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| O | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | β Metazeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| O | β Mixite | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| O | β Monazite | REE(PO4) |
| O | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | β Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| O | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | β Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
| O | β Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| O | β Phenakite | Be2SiO4 |
| O | β Uraninite var. Pitchblende | UO2 |
| O | β Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | β Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| O | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| O | β Sieleckiite | Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| O | β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| O | β Strashimirite | Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| O | β Tenorite | CuO |
| O | β Cuprite var. Tile ore | Cu2O |
| O | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| O | β Uraninite | UO2 |
| O | β Varlamoffite | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 |
| O | β Vivianite | Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| O | β Zeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O |
| O | β Quartz var. Milky Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Opal var. Fire Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | β Hydrokenoelsmoreite | ◻2W2O6(H2O) |
| O | β Kernowite | Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | β Ceruleite | Cu2Al7(AsO4)4(OH)13 · 11.5H2O |
| Al | β Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| Al | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Al | β Cyanotrichite | Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| Al | β Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
| Al | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | β Liroconite | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| Al | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | β Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Al | β Sieleckiite | Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| Al | β Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Si | β Hisingerite | Fe23+(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Si | β Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| Si | β Phenakite | Be2SiO4 |
| Si | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | β Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | β Quartz var. Milky Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | β Opal var. Fire Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | β Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| P | β Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| P | β Monazite | REE(PO4) |
| P | β Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| P | β Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| P | β Sieleckiite | Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| P | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| P | β Vivianite | Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | β Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| S | β Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | β Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| S | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | β Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | β Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| S | β Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| S | β Cyanotrichite | Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| S | β Djurleite | Cu31S16 |
| S | β Galena | PbS |
| S | β Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| S | β Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| S | β Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
| S | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | β Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| S | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | β Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | β Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| Cl | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Cl | β Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | β Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| K | β Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | β Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | β Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | β Asbolane | (Ni,Co)2-xMn4+(O,OH)4 · nH2O |
| Mn | β HΓΌbnerite | MnWO4 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | β Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| Fe | β Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Fe | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | β Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| Fe | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | β Chenevixite | Cu2Fe23+(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| Fe | β Goethite | Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | β Hisingerite | Fe23+(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| Fe | β Leucophosphite | KFe23+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O |
| Fe | β Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| Fe | β Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | β Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| Fe | β Varlamoffite | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 |
| Fe | β Vivianite | Fe2+Fe22+(PO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Fe | β Kernowite | Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | β Asbolane | (Ni,Co)2-xMn4+(O,OH)4 · nH2O |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | β Asbolane | (Ni,Co)2-xMn4+(O,OH)4 · nH2O |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | β Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | β Brochantite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Cu | β Ceruleite | Cu2Al7(AsO4)4(OH)13 · 11.5H2O |
| Cu | β Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | β Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | β Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite | Cu2O |
| Cu | β Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| Cu | β Chenevixite | Cu2Fe23+(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| Cu | β Chrysocolla | Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1 |
| Cu | β Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| Cu | β Connellite | Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O |
| Cu | β Cornubite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| Cu | β Cornwallite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| Cu | β Cuprite | Cu2O |
| Cu | β Cuprotungstite | Cu2(WO4)(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Cyanotrichite | Cu4Al2(SO4)(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| Cu | β Copper | Cu |
| Cu | β Djurleite | Cu31S16 |
| Cu | β Domeykite | Cu3As |
| Cu | β Langite | Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| Cu | β Libethenite | Cu2(PO4)(OH) |
| Cu | β Liroconite | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| Cu | β Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | β Metazeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| Cu | β Mixite | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| Cu | β Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| Cu | β Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
| Cu | β Pseudomalachite | Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4 |
| Cu | β Sieleckiite | Cu3Al4(PO4)2(OH)12 · 2H2O |
| Cu | β Spangolite | Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O |
| Cu | β Strashimirite | Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| Cu | β Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| Cu | β Tenorite | CuO |
| Cu | β Cuprite var. Tile ore | Cu2O |
| Cu | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| Cu | β Zeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O |
| Cu | β Kernowite | Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | β Sphalerite | ZnS |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | β Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| As | β Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| As | β Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| As | β Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| As | β Ceruleite | Cu2Al7(AsO4)4(OH)13 · 11.5H2O |
| As | β Chalcophyllite | Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O |
| As | β Chenevixite | Cu2Fe23+(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| As | β Clinoclase | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| As | β Cornubite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| As | β Cornwallite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| As | β Domeykite | Cu3As |
| As | β Liroconite | Cu2Al(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| As | β Metazeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| As | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| As | β Mixite | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| As | β Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| As | β Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10 · 7H2O |
| As | β Pharmacosiderite | KFe43+(AsO4)3(OH)4 · 6-7H2O |
| As | β Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| As | β Strashimirite | Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4 · 5H2O |
| As | β Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S |
| As | β Zeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O |
| As | β Kernowite | Cu2Fe(AsO4)(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | β Molybdenite | MoS2 |
| Sn | Tin | |
| Sn | β Cassiterite | SnO2 |
| Sn | β Varlamoffite | (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 |
| W | Tungsten | |
| W | β Cuprotungstite | Cu2(WO4)(OH)2 |
| W | β HΓΌbnerite | MnWO4 |
| W | β Hydrokenoelsmoreite | ◻2W2O6(H2O) |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | β Gold | Au |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | β Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| Pb | β Beudantite | PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6 |
| Pb | β Carminite | PbFe23+(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| Pb | β Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | β Galena | PbS |
| Pb | β Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
| Pb | β Plumbogummite | PbAl3(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | β Mixite | BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | β Metazeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 8H2O |
| U | β Uraninite var. Pitchblende | UO2 |
| U | β Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O |
| U | β Uraninite | UO2 |
| U | β Zeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2 · 12H2O |
Historical Timeline
| 1792 | First reported working - lodes probably known long before. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1795 | Engine erected | |||
| 1852 | Mine taken over by St. Day United Group of Mines - but little or no work done. | |||
| 1902 | Mine re-opened for tungsten, tin and arsenic | |||
| 1906 | Mine closed again | |||
| 1976 | Specimen-rich dumps removed for tin extraction. |
Geochronology
| Geologic Time | Rocks, Minerals and Events | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phanerozoic | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Paleozoic | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Permian | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guadalupian |
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cisuralian |
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Other Databases
| Wikipedia: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheal_Gorland |
|---|---|
| Wikidata ID: | Q7991793 |
Localities in this Region
- England
- Cornwall
- St Day
- Wheal Gorland
- St Day
- Cornwall
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
British and Irish IslesGroup of Islands
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
EuropeContinent
UK
- England
- Cornwall
- Camborne-Redruth and St Day Mining DistrictMining District
- Devon and Cornwall metalliferous mining districtMining District
- Cornwall
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References
Miers, H. A. (1894) Spangolite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 10 (48) 273-277 doi:10.1180/minmag.1894.010.48.02
Russell, Arthur (1911) On the occurrence of Phenacite in Cornwall. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 16 (73) 55-62 doi:10.1180/minmag.1911.016.073.08
Russell, Arthur (1920) On the occurrence of Phenacite and Scheelite at Wheal Cock, St. Just, Cornwall. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 19 (88) 19-22 doi:10.1180/minmag.1920.019.88.06
Berry, L. G. (1951) Observations on conichalcite, cornwallite, euchroite, liroconite and olivenite. American Mineralogist, 36 (5-6) 484-503 only mentions Wheal Unity?
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Wheal Gorland, St Day, Cornwall, England, UK