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2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russiai
Regional Level Types
2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption siteFissure
Plosky Tolbachik VolcanoVolcano
Tolbachik Volcanic fieldGroup of Volcanic Fields
Milkovsky DistrictDistrict
Kamchatka KraiKrai
RussiaCountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
08789450014998480353419.jpg
"Rope" - type lava (pahoehoe) of the Tolbachik's eruption of 2012-2013 year 'in situ"

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
08441180015422855806034.jpg
Solidified lava

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
05131910015434273216114.jpg
Close-up of the solidified lava flow

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
08789450014998480353419.jpg
"Rope" - type lava (pahoehoe) of the Tolbachik's eruption of 2012-2013 year 'in situ"

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
08441180015422855806034.jpg
Solidified lava

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
05131910015434273216114.jpg
Close-up of the solidified lava flow

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
07873280014998565817429.jpg
"Rope" - type lava (pahoehoe) of the Tolbachik's eruption of 2012-2013 year 'in situ"

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
08441180015422855806034.jpg
Solidified lava

2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site, Plosky Tolbachik Volcano, Tolbachik Volcanic field, Milkovsky District, Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
55° 45' 29'' North , 160° 18' 38'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
55.75806,160.31083
GeoHash:
G#: z9cvpyqy1
GRN:
N38E66
Type:
Fissure
KΓΆppen climate type:
ET : Tundra
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
KozyrΓ«vsk1,241 (2017)42.3km
Mindat Locality ID:
273890
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:273890:4
GUID (UUID V4):
3528ad17-fdab-47b9-b0df-f7a2c3601c55
Name(s) in local language(s):
, Π²ΡƒΠ»ΠΊΠ°Π½ Π’ΠΎΠ»Π±Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ


On November 27, 2012, a strombolian type eruption started from two fissures. Basaltic lava flows moved relatively fast and quickly flooded buildings 4 km away. The eruption lasted 9 months and produced 0.54 km3 of basaltic trachyandesite lava that covered a total area of 36 km2 with a maximum thickness of 70 m.

Located at the southern slope of the Plosky Tolbachik volcano.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

83 valid minerals. 5 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

β“˜ Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
β“˜ AlumoΓ₯kermanite
Formula: (CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
β“˜ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
β“˜ Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
β“˜ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
β“˜ Aphthitalite
Formula: (K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
β“˜ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
β“˜ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
β“˜ Belomarinaite (TL)
Formula: KNa(SO4)
β“˜ Bubnovaite
Formula: K2Na8Ca(SO4)6
β“˜ Bunsenite
Formula: NiO
β“˜ Cadmium
Formula: Cd
β“˜ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
β“˜ Chalcocyanite
Formula: CuSO4
β“˜ Chlorargyrite
Formula: AgCl
β“˜ 'Chlor-spodiosite'
Formula: Ca2PO4Cl
β“˜ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'
β“˜ Cotunnite
Formula: PbCl2
β“˜ Cyanochroite
Formula: K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
β“˜ Deltalumite (TL)
Formula: (Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4
Type Locality:
β“˜ Demartinite
Formula: K2[SiF6]
β“˜ Diaspore
Formula: AlO(OH)
β“˜ Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
β“˜ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
β“˜ Eriochalcite
Formula: CuCl2 · 2H2O
β“˜ Erythrosiderite
Formula: K2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
β“˜ Esseneite
Formula: CaFe3+[AlSiO6]
β“˜ Euchlorine
Formula: KNaCu3(SO4)3O
β“˜ Eugsterite
Formula: Na4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
β“˜ Fairchildite
Formula: K2Ca(CO3)2
β“˜ Fedotovite
Formula: K2Cu3(SO4)3O
β“˜ 'Feldspar Group'
β“˜ Ferberite
Formula: FeWO4
β“˜ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
β“˜ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
β“˜ Galena
Formula: PbS
β“˜ Goethite
Formula: Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜ Gold
Formula: Au
References:
Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 915–922
HΓ₯lenius, U., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2016) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2016, CNMNC Newsletter 32. Mineralogical Magazine, 80 (5) 915-922 doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.084
Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
β“˜ Goryainovite
Formula: Ca2(PO4)Cl
β“˜ Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
β“˜ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
β“˜ Halite
Formula: NaCl
References:
Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
Okrugin, V.M., Kudaeva, S.S., Karimova, O.V., Yakubovich, O.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Zolotarev, A.A., Gurzhiy, V.V., Zinovieva, N.G., Shiryaev, A.A., Kartashov, P.M. (2019) The new mineral novograblenovite, (NH4,K)MgCl3Β·6H2O from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral description and crystal structure. Mineralogical Magazine: 83(2): 223-231.
Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
β“˜ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
β“˜ Hermannjahnite
Formula: CuZn(SO4)2
β“˜ Hydrokenoralstonite
Formula: Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
β“˜ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
β“˜ Iron
Formula: Fe
β“˜ Itelmenite
Formula: Na4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
β“˜ Ivsite
Formula: Na3H(SO4)2
β“˜ 'K Feldspar'
β“˜ Kieserite
Formula: MgSO4 · H2O
β“˜ 'Krasnogorite'
Formula: WO3
β“˜ Leonite
Formula: K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
β“˜ Maghemite
Formula: (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4
β“˜ Magnesioferrite
Formula: MgFe3+2O4
Description: Copper rich
β“˜ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
β“˜ Marinaite (TL)
Formula: Cu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
Type Locality:
β“˜ Medvedevite (TL)
Formula: KMn2+2V2O6Cl · 2H2O
Type Locality:
β“˜ 'Melilite Group'
Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)
β“˜ Mercallite
Formula: KHSO4
β“˜ Molybdite
Formula: MoO3
β“˜ Monticellite
Formula: CaMgSiO4
β“˜ Nataliyamalikite
Formula: TlI
β“˜ Novograblenovite (TL)
Formula: (NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Type Locality:
β“˜ 'Olivine Group'
Formula: M2SiO4
β“˜ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
β“˜ Palladium
Formula: (Pd,Pt)
β“˜ Palmierite
Formula: K2Pb(SO4)2
β“˜ Paratellurite
Formula: TeO2
β“˜ Parawulffite
Formula: K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
β“˜ Parsettensite
Formula: (K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
β“˜ Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
β“˜ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜ Platinum
Formula: Pt
β“˜ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
β“˜ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
β“˜ Rheniite
Formula: ReS2
β“˜ Saranchinaite
Formula: Na2Cu(SO4)2
β“˜ Selenium
Formula: Se
β“˜ Silver
Formula: Ag
β“˜ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
β“˜ Sylvite
Formula: KCl
β“˜ Syngenite
Formula: K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
β“˜ Tantite
Formula: Ta2O5
β“˜ Tenorite
Formula: CuO
References:
Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 915–922
HΓ₯lenius, U., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2016) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2016, CNMNC Newsletter 32. Mineralogical Magazine, 80 (5) 915-922 doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.084
Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
β“˜ ThΓ©nardite
Formula: Na2SO4
References:
Mineralogical Magazine: 80: 915–922
HΓ₯lenius, U., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2016) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2016, CNMNC Newsletter 32. Mineralogical Magazine, 80 (5) 915-922 doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.084
Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
β“˜ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
β“˜ Trevorite
Formula: Ni2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜ UlvΓΆspinel
Formula: TiFe2+2O4
β“˜ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)
β“˜ Wulffite
Formula: K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
β“˜ Zincite
Formula: ZnO
β“˜ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
β“˜Silver1.AA.05Ag
β“˜Gold1.AA.05Au
β“˜Cadmium1.AB.05Cd
β“˜Iron1.AE.05Fe
β“˜Platinum1.AF.10Pt
β“˜Palladium1.AF.10(Pd,Pt)
β“˜Selenium1.CC.10Se
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
β“˜Digenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
β“˜Acanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
β“˜Galena2.CD.10PbS
β“˜Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
β“˜Rheniite2.EB.35ReS2
Group 3 - Halides
β“˜Chlorargyrite3.AA.15AgCl
β“˜Sylvite3.AA.20KCl
β“˜Halite3.AA.20NaCl
β“˜Nataliyamalikite3.AA.25TlI
β“˜Fluorite3.AB.25CaF2
β“˜Cotunnite3.AB.85PbCl2
β“˜Novograblenovite (TL)3.BA.15(NH4)MgCl3 Β· 6H2O
β“˜Eriochalcite3.BB.05CuCl2 Β· 2H2O
β“˜Hydrokenoralstonite3.CF.05 Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 Β· H2O
β“˜Demartinite3.CH.20K2[SiF6]
β“˜Erythrosiderite3.CJ.10K2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
β“˜Goethite4.00.Ξ±-Fe3+O(OH)
β“˜Tenorite4.AB.10CuO
β“˜Zincite4.AB.20ZnO
β“˜Bunsenite4.AB.25NiO
β“˜Deltalumite (TL)4.BB.05(Al0.67β—»0.33)Al2O4
β“˜Spinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
β“˜Magnetite
var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite		4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
β“˜Trevorite4.BB.05Ni2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜Magnesioferrite4.BB.05MgFe3+2O4
β“˜UlvΓΆspinel4.BB.05TiFe2+2O4
β“˜Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
β“˜Maghemite4.BB.15(Fe3+0.67β—»0.33)Fe3+2O4
β“˜Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
β“˜Ilmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
β“˜Perovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
β“˜Ferberite4.DB.30FeWO4
β“˜Paratellurite4.DE.25TeO2
β“˜Tantite4.E0.05Ta2O5
β“˜Molybdite4.E0.10MoO3
β“˜'Krasnogorite'4.E0.10WO3
β“˜Diaspore4.FD.10AlO(OH)
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
β“˜Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
β“˜Fairchildite5.AC.20K2Ca(CO3)2
Group 6 - Borates
β“˜Marinaite (TL)6.AB.30Cu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
β“˜Chalcocyanite7.AB.10CuSO4
β“˜Hermannjahnite7.AB.15CuZn(SO4)2
β“˜Aphthitalite7.AC.35(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
β“˜Belomarinaite (TL)7.AC.35KNa(SO4)
β“˜Itelmenite7.AC.40Na4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
β“˜Saranchinaite7.AC.45Na2Cu(SO4)2
β“˜Bubnovaite7.AD.K2Na8Ca(SO4)6
β“˜Mercallite7.AD.10KHSO4
β“˜ThΓ©nardite7.AD.25Na2SO4
β“˜Anhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
β“˜Anglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
β“˜Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
β“˜Palmierite7.AD.40K2Pb(SO4)2
β“˜Ivsite7.AD.45Na3H(SO4)2
β“˜Fedotovite7.BC.30K2Cu3(SO4)3O
β“˜Euchlorine7.BC.30KNaCu3(SO4)3O
β“˜Wulffite7.BC.60K3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
β“˜Parawulffite7.BC.60K5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
β“˜Kieserite7.CB.05MgSO4 Β· H2O
β“˜Leonite7.CC.55K2Mg(SO4)2 Β· 4H2O
β“˜Cyanochroite7.CC.60K2Cu(SO4)2 Β· 6H2O
β“˜Eugsterite7.CD.25Na4Ca(SO4)3 Β· 2H2O
β“˜Syngenite7.CD.35K2Ca(SO4)2 Β· H2O
β“˜Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 Β· 2H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
β“˜Fluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
β“˜Goryainovite8.BN.15Ca2(PO4)Cl
β“˜Medvedevite (TL)8.F0.KMn2+2V2O6Cl Β· 2H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
β“˜Monticellite9.AC.10CaMgSiO4
β“˜Grossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
β“˜Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
β“˜Titanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
β“˜AlumoΓ₯kermanite9.BB.10(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
β“˜Augite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
β“˜Diopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
β“˜Esseneite9.DA.15CaFe3+[AlSiO6]
β“˜Wollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
β“˜Parsettensite9.EG.40(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 Β· nH2O
β“˜Orthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
β“˜'Chlor-spodiosite'-Ca2PO4Cl
β“˜'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
β“˜'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
β“˜'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'-
β“˜'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
β“˜'K Feldspar'-
β“˜'Feldspar Group'-
β“˜'Olivine Group'-M2SiO4
β“˜'Melilite Group'-Ca2M(XSiO7)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hβ“˜ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Hβ“˜ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Hβ“˜ EriochalciteCuCl2 · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Hβ“˜ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Hβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hβ“˜ KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Hβ“˜ LeoniteK2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Hβ“˜ MercalliteKHSO4
Hβ“˜ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Hβ“˜ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Hβ“˜ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Hβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Hβ“˜ IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2
Hβ“˜ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Hβ“˜ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
BBoron
Bβ“˜ MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
CCarbon
Cβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Cβ“˜ FairchilditeK2Ca(CO3)2
NNitrogen
Nβ“˜ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
OOxygen
Oβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Oβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Oβ“˜ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Oβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Oβ“˜ BunseniteNiO
Oβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Oβ“˜ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Oβ“˜ Chlor-spodiositeCa2PO4Cl
Oβ“˜ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Oβ“˜ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Oβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oβ“˜ EriochalciteCuCl2 · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Oβ“˜ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Oβ“˜ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Oβ“˜ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ FairchilditeK2Ca(CO3)2
Oβ“˜ FedotoviteK2Cu3(SO4)3O
Oβ“˜ FerberiteFeWO4
Oβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Oβ“˜ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Oβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oβ“˜ KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Oβ“˜ LeoniteK2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Oβ“˜ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Oβ“˜ Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ MercalliteKHSO4
Oβ“˜ MolybditeMoO3
Oβ“˜ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Oβ“˜ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oβ“˜ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Oβ“˜ ParatelluriteTeO2
Oβ“˜ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Oβ“˜ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Oβ“˜ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Oβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oβ“˜ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Oβ“˜ TantiteTa2O5
Oβ“˜ TenoriteCuO
Oβ“˜ ThΓ©narditeNa2SO4
Oβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oβ“˜ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Oβ“˜ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Oβ“˜ UlvΓΆspinelTiFe22+O4
Oβ“˜ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oβ“˜ ZinciteZnO
Oβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oβ“˜ KrasnogoriteWO3
Oβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oβ“˜ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oβ“˜ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Oβ“˜ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Oβ“˜ AlumoΓ₯kermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Oβ“˜ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Oβ“˜ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Oβ“˜ IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2
Oβ“˜ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Oβ“˜ SaranchinaiteNa2Cu(SO4)2
Oβ“˜ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Oβ“˜ HermannjahniteCuZn(SO4)2
Oβ“˜ GoryainoviteCa2(PO4)Cl
Oβ“˜ MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
Oβ“˜ Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4
Oβ“˜ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Oβ“˜ BelomarinaiteKNa(SO4)
Oβ“˜ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
FFluorine
Fβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fβ“˜ FluoriteCaF2
Fβ“˜ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Fβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Fβ“˜ DemartiniteK2[SiF6]
NaSodium
Naβ“˜ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Naβ“˜ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Naβ“˜ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Naβ“˜ HaliteNaCl
Naβ“˜ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Naβ“˜ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Naβ“˜ ThΓ©narditeNa2SO4
Naβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Naβ“˜ AlumoΓ₯kermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Naβ“˜ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Naβ“˜ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Naβ“˜ IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2
Naβ“˜ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Naβ“˜ SaranchinaiteNa2Cu(SO4)2
Naβ“˜ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Naβ“˜ BelomarinaiteKNa(SO4)
MgMagnesium
Mgβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgβ“˜ KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Mgβ“˜ LeoniteK2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Mgβ“˜ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Mgβ“˜ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Mgβ“˜ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Mgβ“˜ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Mgβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgβ“˜ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Mgβ“˜ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
AlAluminium
Alβ“˜ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Alβ“˜ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Alβ“˜ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alβ“˜ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alβ“˜ Hydrokenoralstonite Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O
Alβ“˜ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Alβ“˜ AlumoΓ₯kermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Alβ“˜ Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4
SiSilicon
Siβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siβ“˜ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Siβ“˜ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siβ“˜ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Siβ“˜ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siβ“˜ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Siβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siβ“˜ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siβ“˜ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siβ“˜ Olivine GroupM2SiO4
Siβ“˜ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Siβ“˜ DemartiniteK2[SiF6]
Siβ“˜ AlumoΓ₯kermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
PPhosphorus
Pβ“˜ Chlor-spodiositeCa2PO4Cl
Pβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Pβ“˜ GoryainoviteCa2(PO4)Cl
SSulfur
Sβ“˜ AcanthiteAg2S
Sβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Sβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Sβ“˜ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Sβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
Sβ“˜ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Sβ“˜ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Sβ“˜ DigeniteCu9S5
Sβ“˜ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Sβ“˜ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Sβ“˜ FedotoviteK2Cu3(SO4)3O
Sβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Sβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sβ“˜ KieseriteMgSO4 · H2O
Sβ“˜ LeoniteK2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Sβ“˜ MercalliteKHSO4
Sβ“˜ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Sβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Sβ“˜ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Sβ“˜ ThΓ©narditeNa2SO4
Sβ“˜ RheniiteReS2
Sβ“˜ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Sβ“˜ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Sβ“˜ IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2
Sβ“˜ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Sβ“˜ SaranchinaiteNa2Cu(SO4)2
Sβ“˜ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Sβ“˜ HermannjahniteCuZn(SO4)2
Sβ“˜ BelomarinaiteKNa(SO4)
ClChlorine
Clβ“˜ Chlor-spodiositeCa2PO4Cl
Clβ“˜ ChlorargyriteAgCl
Clβ“˜ CotunnitePbCl2
Clβ“˜ EriochalciteCuCl2 · 2H2O
Clβ“˜ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Clβ“˜ HaliteNaCl
Clβ“˜ SylviteKCl
Clβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Clβ“˜ GoryainoviteCa2(PO4)Cl
Clβ“˜ Novograblenovite(NH4)MgCl3 · 6H2O
Clβ“˜ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
KPotassium
Kβ“˜ Aphthitalite(K,Na)3Na(SO4)2
Kβ“˜ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Kβ“˜ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Kβ“˜ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Kβ“˜ FairchilditeK2Ca(CO3)2
Kβ“˜ FedotoviteK2Cu3(SO4)3O
Kβ“˜ LeoniteK2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O
Kβ“˜ MercalliteKHSO4
Kβ“˜ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kβ“˜ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2
Kβ“˜ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Kβ“˜ SylviteKCl
Kβ“˜ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Kβ“˜ DemartiniteK2[SiF6]
Kβ“˜ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Kβ“˜ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Kβ“˜ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Kβ“˜ BelomarinaiteKNa(SO4)
Kβ“˜ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
CaCalcium
Caβ“˜ AnhydriteCaSO4
Caβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caβ“˜ CalciteCaCO3
Caβ“˜ Chlor-spodiositeCa2PO4Cl
Caβ“˜ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caβ“˜ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Caβ“˜ EugsteriteNa4Ca(SO4)3 · 2H2O
Caβ“˜ FairchilditeK2Ca(CO3)2
Caβ“˜ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caβ“˜ FluoriteCaF2
Caβ“˜ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caβ“˜ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caβ“˜ MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
Caβ“˜ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Caβ“˜ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Caβ“˜ SyngeniteK2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O
Caβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caβ“˜ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caβ“˜ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caβ“˜ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Caβ“˜ Melilite GroupCa2M(XSiO7)
Caβ“˜ AlumoΓ₯kermanite(CaNa)Al[Si2O7]
Caβ“˜ BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6
Caβ“˜ GoryainoviteCa2(PO4)Cl
TiTitanium
Tiβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiβ“˜ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Tiβ“˜ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Tiβ“˜ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Tiβ“˜ UlvΓΆspinelTiFe22+O4
VVanadium
Vβ“˜ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
MnManganese
Mnβ“˜ Parsettensite(K,Na,Ca)7.5(Mn,Mg)49Si72O168(OH)50 · nH2O
Mnβ“˜ MedvedeviteKMn22+V2O6Cl · 2H2O
FeIron
Feβ“˜ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feβ“˜ ErythrosideriteK2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]
Feβ“˜ EsseneiteCaFe3+[AlSiO6]
Feβ“˜ FerberiteFeWO4
Feβ“˜ GoethiteΞ±-Fe3+O(OH)
Feβ“˜ HematiteFe2O3
Feβ“˜ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feβ“˜ IronFe
Feβ“˜ MagnesioferriteMgFe23+O4
Feβ“˜ Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ PyriteFeS2
Feβ“˜ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Feβ“˜ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
Feβ“˜ UlvΓΆspinelTiFe22+O4
Feβ“˜ MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
NiNickel
Niβ“˜ BunseniteNiO
Niβ“˜ TrevoriteNi2+Fe23+O4
CuCopper
Cuβ“˜ ChalcocyaniteCuSO4
Cuβ“˜ CyanochroiteK2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O
Cuβ“˜ DigeniteCu9S5
Cuβ“˜ EriochalciteCuCl2 · 2H2O
Cuβ“˜ EuchlorineKNaCu3(SO4)3O
Cuβ“˜ FedotoviteK2Cu3(SO4)3O
Cuβ“˜ TenoriteCuO
Cuβ“˜ WulffiteK3NaCu4O2(SO4)4
Cuβ“˜ ParawulffiteK5Na3Cu8O4(SO4)8
Cuβ“˜ SaranchinaiteNa2Cu(SO4)2
Cuβ“˜ ItelmeniteNa4Mg3Cu3(SO4)8
Cuβ“˜ HermannjahniteCuZn(SO4)2
Cuβ“˜ MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)
ZnZinc
Znβ“˜ ZinciteZnO
Znβ“˜ HermannjahniteCuZn(SO4)2
SeSelenium
Seβ“˜ SeleniumSe
ZrZirconium
Zrβ“˜ ZirconZr(SiO4)
MoMolybdenum
Moβ“˜ MolybditeMoO3
PdPalladium
Pdβ“˜ Palladium(Pd,Pt)
AgSilver
Agβ“˜ AcanthiteAg2S
Agβ“˜ ChlorargyriteAgCl
Agβ“˜ SilverAg
CdCadmium
Cdβ“˜ CadmiumCd
TeTellurium
Teβ“˜ ParatelluriteTeO2
IIodine
Iβ“˜ NataliyamalikiteTlI
BaBarium
Baβ“˜ BaryteBaSO4
TaTantalum
Taβ“˜ TantiteTa2O5
WTungsten
Wβ“˜ FerberiteFeWO4
Wβ“˜ KrasnogoriteWO3
ReRhenium
Reβ“˜ RheniiteReS2
PtPlatinum
Ptβ“˜ Palladium(Pd,Pt)
Ptβ“˜ PlatinumPt
AuGold
Auβ“˜ GoldAu
TlThallium
Tlβ“˜ NataliyamalikiteTlI
PbLead
Pbβ“˜ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbβ“˜ CotunnitePbCl2
Pbβ“˜ GalenaPbS
Pbβ“˜ PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2

Localities in this Region

Russia
  • Kamchatka Krai
    • Milkovsky District
      • Tolbachik Volcanic field

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent
Okhotsk PlateTectonic Plate
Russia
Soviet Union (1922-1991)Country

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References

Burke, E.A.J. (2024) Van een terril via een vulkaan naar de maan. Geonieuws: 49(5): 117-128.
HΓ₯lenius, U., Hatert, F., Pasero, M., Mills, S. J. (2016) New minerals and nomenclature modifications approved in 2016, CNMNC Newsletter 32. Mineralogical Magazine, 80 (5) 915-922 doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.084
Sharygin, Victor V., Vadim S. Kamenetsky, Liudmila M. Zhitova, Alexander B. Belousov, and Adam Abersteiner. (2018) "Copper-Containing Magnesioferrite in Vesicular Trachyandesite in a Lava Tube from the 2012–2013 Eruption of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia" Minerals 8, no. 11: 514. https://doi.org/10.3390/min8110514
Okrugin, V.M., Kudaeva, S.S., Karimova, O.V., Yakubovich, O.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Chukanov, N.V., Zolotarev, A.A., Gurzhiy, V.V., Zinovieva, N.G., Shiryaev, A.A., Kartashov, P.M. (2019) The new mineral novograblenovite, (NH4,K)MgCl3Β·6H2O from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia: mineral description and crystal structure. Mineralogical Magazine: 83(2): 223-231.
Filatov, S.K., Shablinskii, A.P., Vergasova, L.P., Saprikina, O.Y., Bubnova, R.S., Moskaleva, S.V., Belousov, A.B. (2019) Belomarinaite KNa(SO4): A new sulfate from 2012–2013 Tolbachik Fissure eruption, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine: 83(4): 569-575.
Pekov, I.V., Anikin, L.P., Chukanov, N.V., Belakovskiy, D.I., Yapaskurt, V.O., Sidorov, E.G., Britvin, S.N., Zubkova, N.V. (2019) Deltalumite, a new natural modification of alumina with spinel-tpye structure. Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society): 148(5): 45-58.
Zelenski, M., Kamenetsky, V. S., Taran, Y., & Kovalskii, A. M. (2020). Mineralogy and origin of aerosol from an arc basaltic eruption: Case study of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21(2), e2019GC008802.
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