Kukh-i-Lal (Kukhilal; Kuhi-lal), Pyandzh River Valley, Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistani
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Kukh-i-Lal (Kukhilal; Kuhi-lal) | Deposit |
| Pyandzh River Valley | Valley |
| Gorno-Badakhshan | Autonomous Region |
| Tajikistan | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
37° 11' 8'' North , 71° 28' 0'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
KΓΆppen climate type:
Mindat Locality ID:
158071
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:158071:9
GUID (UUID V4):
5a459c70-ff05-4ad4-b3f2-5ca4fe12172c
The Kuh-i-lal deposit in the Pamir Mountains of Tajikistan is known since historic times for its pink spinels of finest quality and large size.
Spinel-βforsterite formations are confined only to magnesite marbles (CaO content 0.65-β16β%) containing forsterite, graphite and pyrite.
Spinel is gray, violet, cinnammon, and rose.
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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsMineral List
Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities23 valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
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Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| β 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| β 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| β Calcite Formula: CaCO3 References: |
| β 'Chlorite Group' |
| βͺ Clinohumite Formula: Mg9(SiO4)4F2 Colour: yellow to orange to honey Description: Clinohumite does not usually possess crystallographic features. It is rare to find isometric clinohumite crystals with a large quantity of grains. Most known crystal formations grow from a few millimeters to several centimeters, but some formations have reached 8 to10 centimeters. Clinohumite grains mostly contain a high number of cracks; therefore only a very small percentage of the raw material can be used for faceting References: |
| β Corundum Formula: Al2O3 References: |
| β Corundum var. Ruby Formula: Al2O3 References: |
| β Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 References: |
| β Dravite Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| β Enstatite Formula: Mg2Si2O6 |
| β 'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series' References: |
| β Forsterite Formula: Mg2SiO4 |
| β Graphite Formula: C References: |
| β Hydrotalcite Formula: Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O References: |
| β Hydroxylclinohumite Formula: Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 Colour: yellow to orange |
| β Kornerupine Formula: Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| β Kyanite Formula: Al2(SiO4)O |
| β 'Monazite' Formula: REE(PO4) |
| β Phlogopite Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| β Prismatine Formula: (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| β Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS Localities: References: |
| β Quartz Formula: SiO2 References: |
| β Rutile Formula: TiO2 References: |
| β Sapphirine Formula: Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] |
| β 'Serpentine Subgroup' Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4 References: |
| β Spinel Formula: MgAl2O4 Localities: |
| β Talc Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| β Uraninite Formula: UO2 |
| β Xenotime-(Y) Formula: Y(PO4) |
| β Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) |
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| β | Graphite | 1.CB.05a | C |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| β | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| β | Spinel | 4.BB.05 | MgAl2O4 |
| β | Corundum | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| β | var. Ruby | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| β | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| β | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| β | Uraninite | 4.DL.05 | UO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| β | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| β | Hydrotalcite | 5.DA.50 | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 Β· 4H2O |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| β | Xenotime-(Y) | 8.AD.35 | Y(PO4) |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| β | Forsterite | 9.AC.05 | Mg2SiO4 |
| β | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| β | Kyanite | 9.AF.15 | Al2(SiO4)O |
| β | Hydroxylclinohumite | 9.AF.55 | Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| β | Clinohumite | 9.AF.55 | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| β | Kornerupine | 9.BJ.50 | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| β | Prismatine | 9.BJ.50 | (β»,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| β | Dravite | 9.CK.05 | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| β | Enstatite | 9.DA.05 | Mg2Si2O6 |
| β | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| β | Sapphirine | 9.DH.45 | Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] |
| β | Talc | 9.EC.05 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| β | Phlogopite | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Unclassified | |||
| β | 'Serpentine Subgroup' | - | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| β | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| β | 'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series' | - | |
| β | 'Monazite' | - | REE(PO4) |
| β | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| β | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | β Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| H | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| H | β Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| H | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | β Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | β Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| H | β Hydroxylclinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| H | β Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| H | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| B | Boron | |
| B | β Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| B | β Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| B | β Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | β Graphite | C |
| C | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | β Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| O | β Corundum | Al2O3 |
| O | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | β Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| O | β Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| O | β Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| O | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| O | β Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| O | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| O | β Monazite | REE(PO4) |
| O | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | β Corundum var. Ruby | Al2O3 |
| O | β Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | β Sapphirine | Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] |
| O | β Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| O | β Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | β Uraninite | UO2 |
| O | β Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| O | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | β Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| O | β Hydroxylclinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| O | β Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| O | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| F | β Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| F | β Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| F | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | β Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | β Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| Mg | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | β Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Mg | β Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Mg | β Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| Mg | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| Mg | β Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| Mg | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | β Sapphirine | Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] |
| Mg | β Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Mg | β Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Mg | β Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| Mg | β Hydroxylclinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | β Corundum | Al2O3 |
| Al | β Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Al | β Hydrotalcite | Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16 · 4H2O |
| Al | β Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| Al | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Al | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | β Corundum var. Ruby | Al2O3 |
| Al | β Sapphirine | Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] |
| Al | β Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | β Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | β Clinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4F2 |
| Si | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | β Dravite | NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH) |
| Si | β Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Si | β Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| Si | β Kornerupine | Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH) |
| Si | β Kyanite | Al2(SiO4)O |
| Si | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | β Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | β Sapphirine | Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] |
| Si | β Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | β Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| Si | β Hydroxylclinohumite | Mg9(SiO4)4(OH)2 |
| Si | β Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | β Monazite | REE(PO4) |
| P | β Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| P | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | β Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | β Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | β Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | β Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | β Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | β Rutile | TiO2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | β Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | β Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | β Prismatine | (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 |
| Y | Yttrium | |
| Y | β Xenotime-(Y) | Y(PO4) |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | β Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| U | Uranium | |
| U | β Uraninite | UO2 |
Mindat Articles
The legendary Kukh-i-lal mines, Pamir Mts, Tajikistan by Olav RevheimLocalities in this Region
- Gorno-Badakhshan
- Pyandzh River Valley
- Kukh-i-Lal (Kukhilal; Kuhi-lal)
- Pyandzh River Valley
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
AsiaContinent
- Pamir MountainsMountain Range
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
Soviet Union (1922-1991)Country
TurkestanArea
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References
Kukh-i-Lal, Pyandzh River Valley, Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan